Jar molding-machine.



W. LEWIS.

JAR MOLDING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED JAN. 9, 1910.

1,0$.%3,812. Patented July 30,1912.

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WHWESSES ATTORNEY W. LEWIS.

J AR MOLDING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 8, 1910.

1,083,812. Patented July so, 1912.

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WITNESSES d INVEN' TOR w lzamua 4 A ATTORNEY.

W. LEWIS.

JAR MOLDING MACHINE. v

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 8, 1910.

1,033,812, Patented July30, 1912.

3 SHEETSSHEET 3.

afi B WI ESSES M mm $1 2 3. W hy-6 1 ATTORNEY.

INVEN TOR WILFRED'LEWIS,OF IHI LADELPH IA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR, BYMESNE ASSIGN- MENTS, TO THE TABOR MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENN- SYLVANIA, A CORPORATION OF PENNSYLVANIA.

v JAE MOLDING-MACHINE.

To all whom/it may concern:

Be it known. that I, WILFRED Lnwrs, a citizen of the United States. of America, re-

siding in the city and county of Philadelreference bein phia, in the State .of Pennsylvania, have in-' vented a certain new and useful Improvement in Jar Molding-Machines, of which the following isa true" and exact description, had to the accom anying drawings, whic form apart thereo My present invention relates to jar molding machines of the kind in which a relatively movable mold support and anvil are i employed, and the sand or other mold forming material is compacted about the pattern or patterns by alternately separating the mold support from the anvil and then causing them to collide-the shockor jar produced by the collision of the mold .support and anvil settling the sand about the pattern. Molding machines of this type, in whichv the collision is brought about by'first' lifting the mold support, with the flask, pattern or pat-terns and loose sand mounted thereon, above the anvil and then allowing the mold support tofall until it strikes the anvil, are now in extensive use and form very satisfactory and efiicient machines for forming molds. Heretofore some difficulty has been experienced with such machines, however, because of the rebound of the pattern, flask and mold forming material off the mold support after impact, thisrebound being due to the elasticity of the impinging bodies. The impinging portions of the mold support and anvil are in practice always formed of metal and usually these portions are of relatively large mass and under static conditions are quite rigid. Their inherent elasticity, when acted upon by the very large forces of impact on collision is sufiicient, however, to cause a rebound of the parts supported by the mold support which sometimes interferes with the eflectiveness of the machine and produces relative movements between the flask and the patterns to an extent which sometimes is sufiicient to make the molds formed seriously defective.

The object of the present invention is the provision in a molding machine of the kind specified, of means for preventing any ap preciable rebound of the patterns, flask, etc., supported by the mold support following collision. This I accomplish by providing a,

Specification of Letters Patent. Application filed January 8, 1910. serial No. 536,981.

' Patented July 30, 19 12.

yielding but substantially non resilient cushion between the mold support and anvil to take the shock of collision. 1

In carrying out my invention I obtain my non-resilient cushion by placing between the anvil and mold support members one or more compressible containers, each of which is filled with a liquid such as water or other fluid relatively non-elastic in comparison with a gas.- The container, or each of them where a plurality of containers is employed,

is provided with one or more restricted escape ports through which the liquid or nonel'astic fluid may pass out of the container at a regulated rate to permit the container to be compressed. With such an arrangement,

when the anvil and. mold support members come together and put the container or containers under pressure, the latter begin to collapse with a-velocity of approach between the engaged ends, which, disregarding the mass of the movable port-ion of the container, in practice a negligible factor, is the same as the velocity of approach of the anvil and mold support members at the instant the container or'containers are-engaged between these members. To accommodate this compression of the container or containers the liquid therein must be forced out through the escape ports at a very rapid rate. Owing to the restricted character ,of the escape ports this results in the creation of a very highfluid pressure within the containeror containers." The pressure in the container or containers thus created causes the container or containers to exert a retardproaeh of the mold support and anvil mem- The extent of the movement of the impinging member, after impingement commences, and the consequent amount of compression of the container or containers is thus regulated bythe rate at which the liquid escapes from the container and of course depends upon the momentum to be destroyed and the cross sectional area of the liquid space in the container. In practice this movement is small, usually only a small fraction of an inch.

As the velocity of the impinging member falls, the pressure in the container falls also, since the liquid then escapes at a slower rate and at the instant at which the engaged sur- .ing force opposing the movement of apface of the container ceases to move in the direction in which the impinging body:

moved prior to impingement, the pressure 1n thecontainer due to the compression of the latter falls to zero. In consequence, the

, container then exerts no force against the impinging body tending to move the latter in the reverse direction. The container thus acts in a manner which is directly opposite to that in which a resilient cushion or body acts when impinged a ainst by another body, for in the case 0 impingement between elastic bodies the pressure between the bodies becomes a maximum at the instant at which the relative velocity of approach be-' tween the two bodies is destroyed. This is due to the distortion of the bodies, and it is this pressure, continued, though diminishing, until the bodies are returned to their original form, and separate, which produces the rebound following. collision of elastic bodies.

The various features of novelty which characterize my invention are pointed out with articularity in the claims annexed to and orming a part of this specification. For a better understanding of the invention, however, and the advantages possessed by it, reference may be had to the accompanying drawings. and descriptive matter in which I have illustrated and described in detail one of the forms in which my invention may be embodied.

Of the drawings, Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of a portion of a molding machine embodying one form ofmy invent-ion. Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation of a valve employed with the mechanism shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is an elevation of a molding machine which in most respects is identical with that shown in Fig. 1, but has different a bottom member provided with an upstanding cylinder A which receives a piston extension B from the underside of the anvil, or impact receiving base member B.

The latter is supported on a' resilient cush-- ioncomprising, in the form shown, a plurality of springs A the ends of which'are received in socketsA and B", respectively, formed in the adjacent port-ions of the base and anvil members A and B.

i 0 represents a sand guard secured to the anvil B and telescoping with the cylinder A. The anvil member is provided'at its upper end with an upstanding piston 13 surrounded at its base by a cylindrical shoulder B. The mold support C comprises a cylinder portion 0' fitting on, the" piston B and a mold table C at the upper end of the cylinder C. The lower end of the cylinder C terminates in a-fianged striking portion C. In the form of the apparatus disclosed, the mold support C is alternately moved away from the anvil and allowed to ,return into engagement with the anvil, or

more properly, the cushion hereinafter described by the admission to the space in the cylinder C above "the piston B sthrougha port B- of a fluid such as air under pressure and the exhaust of this fluid. This admission and exhaust may be controlled in a knownmanner either manually or automatically by any suitable valve mechanism. The valve mechanism disclosed and claimed in my copending I application, Serial No. 530,343, filed 0v. 29," 1909, may be employed with advantage, but as the character of the valve mechanism employed does not affect the present invention, I have not thought it necessary to illustrate any valve mechanism herein. Y

The non-resilient cushion, which is the subject of the present invention, is formed,

in the construction illustrated in Fig. 1, by v a cylinder member which fits over the shoulder B, the latter serving as a plunger piston. The upper end of the cylinder H 1s apertured at H to receive the piston 13*. A packing I, in the form of a cup leather of known form is secured to the shoulder B to make a tight joint between it and the cylinder H by suitable means, which in the form shown comprise an annular ring J and bolts J. The bolts J are tapped into the end of the shoulder B and the heads of the bolts are received in notches J 2 formed in the upper end of the ring J. Similarly, a cup leather I, a ring J having notches J, and bolts J 5 tapped into the cylinder member H, are provided for making a tight joint between the piston B and the cylinder H. The movement of the cylinder H away from the anvil B is limited by a collar K secured, to the body of the anvil member B by bolts K" and provided with a flange K at its inner edge which overlaps a flange H at the outerendof the lower edge of the cylinder H. A plurality of relatively long springs T entering sockets B in the anvil may be provided to bear against the lower edge of the member H and tend to hold the latter in the position shown in Fig, 1. A cushioning or deadening washer L of leather or like material may be placed between the shoulders H and K?. In the construction described, the shoulder or plunger "piston B and the cylinder H form the compressible container of the non-resilient cushion and the space in this container is con-' nected by one or more (in the form shown,

ma j a twin). es'ca'e ports B", of predeterrniried I an diameters, to corresponding ra- 31a chambers B of substantially greater cross sectional areathan the ports B The 5 chambers B in the form shown, each comr'hunieates with a corresponding vertical eylinder M. A filling pipe 0' is connected to the anvil B through which liquid is adir'iitted to the chambers B tb initially s'u 10 ply or to replenish the liquid as needed. o retard the upward movement of the cylin der H under certain conditions, as hereinafter described a piston P may be placed in each cylinder M and arranged to permit a is substantial leakage past it. As shown, each iston P is of an external diameter slightly less than the external diameter of the cylinear in which it is placed, and is guided by means of a stem P loosely entering a corresponding guide chamber B formed in the anvil member B. Between the upper end of each cylinder M and the corresponding piston P is placed a spring P which normally holds the piston P at the lower limit of its movement as shown. In Fig. 1 the tops of the two reservoirs M are connected by a pipe N.

N represents a branch pipe connecting the pipe N to a source of fluid under pressure as for instance the supply system for furnishing compressed air or other fluid for reciprocating the mold support on the piston B The pipe N is controlled by a valve R. The latter may advantageously be an automatic pressure reducing valve of any well known type which may be regulated by the knob R to cause it to close at any desired pressure on its outlet side up to the maximum pressure on its inlet side, or which may be closed entirely by the knob R regardless of the pressure on its inlet and out-- let sides.

S represents a check valve, the valve S proper of which opens the port- S to permit air to pass into pipe N when the pressure therein falls below the pressure of the atmosphere, but closes to prevent the flow of air from pipe N out through port S The purpose of the springs T and the pip- '0 ing N and N, is to insure that at the instant impact begins the cylinder H is in its upper- .most position as shown in Fig. 1. The return ofthe cylinder to this position after impact may be brought about by the springs T alone, the piping, or at least the pipe N, being either dispensed with, or what amounts to the same thing, the valve B being osi'ti'vely closed. Even when the valve R is closed or pipe N dispensed with, the. pipe N is useful in equalizing the pressure in reservoirs M when the cylinder H is depressed. The air trapped in the'upper ends of the reservoirs M and the pipe N under such conditions and put under pressure forced into the reservoirs by the downward movement 'is moved down relative to the anvil.

of the cyl'inder supplements the action of the spnngs' T returning cylinder H. When the valve R admits air of the proper pres- .sfir'e to pipe N the 5 rings may also be dis-" pn'sed'with. The e ect of the springs T, or of the air pressure on the liquid in reservoir M, or both, as the case may be, must be great enough to get the member H into its uppermost position at least as soon as impactbegins. v The lifting effect on member H may well be suflicient to su port, or more than support, the static wei lit of the cylinder H, mold support, and 10a carried by the latter, in which case Fig. 1 shows the normally at rest condition of the apparatus, or it may be insufficient for this purpose, but in the latter case it must be sufiicient at least to move the c linder from its lower to'its upper position while the mold support is making one rising and falling movement. 5

Where the liftin effect on the cylinder H 1s relatively large te pistons P which lift to permit liquid to flow with freedom into reservoir M from the passages B and are then quickly returned to their normal posit1on shown in Fig. 1 and thereafter, since the downward flow past them is restricted,

' operate to check the flow of fluid from reservoirs M and retard the final portion at least of the upwardmovement of the cylinder H, thereby avoiding an tendency to the production of a reboun by the rise of the cylinder H. Where the lifting effect is not so large the pistons I have little effect on the operation of the apparatus and in practice these pistons may usually be dispensed with.

In operation when the mold support, after beingvlifted the desired distance, falls into engagement with the cylinder H the latter The downward movement of the latter relative to the anvil is" resisted by the liquid which must escape through the restricted ports B to permit such movement, the cushion device being thus in effect a special form of fluid dash interposed between the mold support and the impact receiving base or anvil member Proper, The rate of flow through the ports B depends of course on the pressure in space-H and in consequence the pressure in the space H depends on the velocity'of the cylinder H relative to the anvil. At the instant impact begins the cylinder H starts to move down with the full velocity acquired by the mold support in falling. This cre- 1'20 ates an enormous pressure in the chamber H and this pressure of course reacts on the cylinder H to check its downward velocity and that of the mold support. As the downward velocity of the cylinder decreases the pressure vfalls and when the velocity of the cylinder is entirely checked, the pressure in the cylinder space H due to the restriction of the escape ports falls to zero, though of course the liquid in the chamber H may still win be under some actual pressure 'roduced by s the air ressure in the upper en s of the reservoirs This remaining pressure will at a maximum hardly exceed a hundred pounds, or thercabout, to the square inch, and may be substantially lessthan this. a In any event, the pressure in the cylinder space H at the end of the downward movement of the cylinder H, will be negligiblein comparison with the maximum pressure in the cylinder space H. The latter need be limited only by the strength of the ports and in practice I prefer that the apparatus should be'designed for a maximum'pressure of between one and two thousand pounds per square inch and, desirably, but little below the higher amount. In 'so far as the cushion effect of the cylinder H and its liquid support is due to the pressure of the latter created by the restriction of ports B is concerned, the cushion acts in a manner directly contrary to the way in whlch a resillent cushion acts, as previously explained? The effect of the springs T, alr ressure in reservo1rs M, etc. on the cylin er I-I 1s to -make the latter actas if it formed part'of a resilient cushion, but this resilient effect. is negligible in comparison with the non-resilien component of the cushion action.

The rings J and J 3 serve as safety devices to take the impact of collision between the mold support and anvil when for any cause the space H is not filled with liquid. A washer Q, of leather or like material, may

be placed on the upper end of the cylinder H to deaden the noise of collision and re duce the upsetting efiect of collision on the anvil and mold support. In the particular construction described the anvil is a fioatin anvil which is given a positive upwar movement when the weight of the mold support and its load is taken olf the anvil, by connecting the space in the cylinder C to exhaust after the parts have been separated. In consequence, on collision, the momentums of the mold support and its load and that ofthe anvil are equal in amount and opposite in direction and hence mutually destroy one another and thus avoid any injurious transfer of the shock of collision to the base of the molding machine or the/ foundation on which it is supported. This feature of construction and arrangement, while an important one and novel with me, is not claimed herein, as it forms the subject matter of my Patent 941,999, granted November 30, 1909.

Moreover, so far as the invention claimed herein is concerned, it is quite immaterial whether the relative movement of approach of the mold support and anvil is brought about by'the absolute movement. of one or -the other of these members alone, or by abervoirs M are connected 'port B or rather to port b i es N to the of the valve E which communicates with the port 13. In consequence, when thepressure fluid is ad; mitted to port B to lift the mold support, .the pressure is transmitted tothe li uid in cylinder space H to lift the cylinder and when the pressure in port B falls, and

while impactis. taking place, the pressure in space H isp'urely that due to the restriction of the escape ports B provided the springs T are omitted as they ordinarily would be.

with this arrangement. Theoretically, the non-resiliency, so to speak, of the cushion is greater with the arrangement of Fig.3 than with that of Fig. 1, but practically there is no material difference, and the arrangement of Fig. 3 possesses the disadvantage of using up pressure fluid.

It should be explained that with any of the arrangements described the actual movement of the cylinderH relative to the anvil-- is small, of. the order of an eighth of an inch or so. The time in which the cylinder completes its downward stroke is very short and i only a small fraction of theftime intervalbetween collisions.

In either of the arrangements already described, as well as in the one yet to be described, a spring U extending between the.

piston 13 and the mold support ma y well be employed to slightly retard the falling movement of the mold support. I have found that the provision of means, such as the spring U, for making the downward acceleration .of the mold support somewhat less than that which it would have been if it fell freely, is advantageous as it causes the mold forming material to bear more firmly against the patterns, insuring better molds. From constructional reasonsI find it an advantage to make the portions of the piston B surrounded by the cylinder H slightly greater in diameter than the upper portion of the. piston. This facilitates the operation of getting the packing 'ring I over the upper end of the piston without in- I terference caused by the packing rings, or

grooves therefor, usually provided at'the upper end of the piston.

In the arrangement shown in Fi s. 4 and 5 the non-resilient separate cushion 1s formed 'by.a plurality of cushion devices. Each. of

these devices comprises a hollow cylinder W the under side of disk W and tends to move the latter and the cylinder W up until the flange W on the latter enga es the collar W. A cup leather I, J, like the ports I J described in connection with Fig. 1, ma be secured to the under side of the disk 8 at the margin of the latter to make a tight oint.

In operation, at the beginning of impact the mold support strikes the upper ends of the cylinders W then in their up ermost position, and drives them down. heir downward movement is limited by the rate at which the liquid in which the disks W are at all times submerged can flow through the restricted ports W After impact and before or after the weight of the mold support is taken off the cylinders, depending on the character of springs W, the latter return the cylinders W to their uppermost position. The air trapped in the upper ends ofthe cylinders W when the mold support engages the cylinders and closes the ports W, is put under pressure, of course, b the depression ofthe cylinders and may 0 er .a little assistance to the springs in lifting the cylinders W.

. Those skilled in the art will understand how to construct apparatus in accordance with the plans suggested which will give the desired cushion efiect under the various conditions met with in practice in view of the following suggestions. At the beginning of impact the top wall of the cushion must have a velocity equal to the full velocity acquired by the mold support in falling which is of course a definite and easily determined factor for any given machine and adjustment thereof. The rate of opposition to the flow of the liquid through the restricted esca e ports attthe' instant of impact must not e great enough to create a bursting pressure in the collapsible container. The shape for obtaining a given rate of flow under a given pressure can be easily determined in accordance with the well known principles governing the flow of liquids through restricted orifices. The cross section of the containers or the aggregate cross section of the containers, if a plurality of cushion devices are employed as in Figs. 4 and .5, fixes the time interval required to bring the mold support to rest. The larger this cross section the quicker the mold support will be brought ,to rest and in general the shorter the time interval the better. Preferably it should be only a small fraction of the time required for a rising and falling movementof-the anvil. The extent of movement of "the mold support after impact decreases when the time interval required to bring it .to rest is decreased. .In practice the cross sectional area of the container or containers r' and bolts ai 1 respectively and dimensions .of the escape ports.

will ordinarily be a compromise between the desire to shorten the time interval re uired to bring the mold sup ort to rest and t e desire to .keep the :cus ion small to thereby economize in space and the cost of manufacture.

The various forms of provisions illustrated for cushioning the mold sup ort on impact maybe practically equal in e ectiveness, so far .as preventing whipping or vibration of the mold support in a purely vertical direction, is concerned. The apparatus shown in Figs. 4 and 5, theoretically considered, is somewhat more effective than the other forms disclosed to check and prevent any tendency of the mold support toward a whipping or vibratory movement about a horizontal axis on impact which otherwise might exist as when the load on the mold sup ort .is not centrally disposed and the guiding provisions between the mold support and anvil are not effective to prevent some such tilting movement of the mold support. In practice, the guidii provisions between the mold support an anvil and the manner of loading the mold support are ordinarily such as to make it unnecessary to employ the construction shown in Figs. 4 and 5 in preference to those shown in the other figures in order to avoid tilting movements of the mold support on impact.

While in accordance with the provisions of -the statutes I have herein described and illustrated in detail the best forms of my invention now known to me, it will be ap- 100 parent to those skilled in the art that many changes may be made in the form of the ap paratus disclosed without departing from the spirit of the invention, and I do not wish the claims hereinafter made to be limited to the particular apparatus disclosed more than is made necessary by the state of the art.

Having now described my invention, what I claim as new,"'and desireto secure by Letters Patent, is:

1. In a jar molding machine, the combination with a relatively movable anvil and mold support, of means roviding a substantially nonresilient cusiiion between the anvil and mold support, to take the shock of impact when the anvil and mold support collide. v

2. In a jar molding machine, the combination with a relatively movable anvil and mold support, of means comprising a compressible container filled w1th liquid and having an escape port or ports, through which the liquid may escape at a regulated rate, for providing a cushion between the anvil and the mold support to take the shock of impact when the anvil and mold support collide.

3. In a jar molding machine, the combination with relatively movable mold support 0 'and anvil members, of'a cushion device cariri ed by one of sai'dmembers and adapted to engaged by the other of said members and totreceive the shock of impact when the members collide, said device comprising a cylinder having a liquid space, and a piston tending to move relative to the-cylinder in a direction to diminish said space on collision of said members, said device having a port or ports through which liquid may escape at a regulated rate to permit such 7 relative movement.

' 4. In a jar molding machine, the combination with relatively movable mold support and anvil members, of a cushion device carried by one of said members and adapt- 1 ed to be engaged by the other of said members and toreceive the shock of impact when the members collide, said device comprising a cylinder having a liquid space, and a pistontendin'g to move relative to the cylinder in a direction to diminish'said space on collision of said members, said device having a port or ports through which liquid may cscape at, a regulated rate to permit such relative' movement, and means for expanding the cushion preparatory to impact.

5.. In' a jar molding machine, the combination with relatively movable mold support and anvil members, of a cushion device carried by one of said members and adapted to be engaged by the other of said members and to receive the shock of impact when the members collide, said device comprising a cylinder having a liquid space, and a p1sport and anvil members, of a cushion device carried by one of said members and adapted to be engaged by the other of said members and to receive the shock of impact when the members collide, said device comprising a cylinder having a liquid space,

and a piston tending to move relative to the cylinder in a direction to diminish said space on collision of said members, said device having a port or ports through which liquid may escape at a regulated rate to permit such relative movement, a liquid containing reservoir or reservoirs to which said port or ports are connected, and means for forcing liquid from said reservoir into said space preparatory to impact.

7. In a jar molding machine, the combination with relatively vmovable mold support and anvil members, of a cushion device carried by one of said members and adapted to be engaged b the other ,of said members andto receive tlle shock of impact when the members collide, said device comprising; a cylinder having a liquid space, and a piston tending to move relative to the cylinder in a direction to diminish said space on collision of said members, said device having a port or ports through which liquid may escape at a regulated rate to permit such relative movement, a reservoir or reservoirs towhich said port or ports are connected and containing a body of liquid,

the surface of which is above the top of said liquid space and said ports, and resilient means for producing relative movement of the cylinder and piston preparatory to impact to increase saidliquid space and cause it to be filled with liquid.

8. In a jar molding; machine, the combination with relatively movable mold sup-- port and anvil members, of a cushion device carried by one of said members and adapted to be engagedby-theother of said members and to receive the shock of impact when the members collide, saidcushion comprising a cylinder having a liquid space, and a pistontending to move relative to the cylinder in a direction to diminish said space on collision of said" members, said device having a'port or ports through whichliquid may escape at a regulated rate to permit such relative movement, a reservoir or reservoirs to which said port or ports are connected, means for maintaining a -body of liquid in said "reservoir under pressure suificient to quickly fill said space when, the, parts are put into impact receiving condi: tion, and resilient means for .causing the piston and cylinder to move into the impact receiving condition preparatory to each impact.

9. In a jar molding machine, an anvil member provided with an upstanding piston guide for a mold support and a cyllndrical shoulder at the base of said piston, a cylinder open at its lower end fitting on said shoulder and having a closed upper end apertured to receive said piston, a mold sup port having a cylindrical bearing forsaid piston and adapted to impin eon said cylinder, said a'nvil'being provided with a reservoir space or spaces fora liquid and having said spaces connected to the space in said cylinder above said shoulder by restricted ports, means for limiting the movement of said cylinder away from said shoulder, andmeans for lifting said cylinder and filling the space therein with liquid from said reservoir space or spaces preparatory to impact.

10. In a jar molding machine, the combination of an anvil, a mold support ada ted to be lifted above and allowed to fall ack into collision with said anvil, resilient means retarding the falling movement of the mold support throughout its falling movement,

- permitting and means providing a substantially nonresilient cushion between the anvil and mold support to take the shock of impact when the anvil and mold support collide. 11. In a device of the class described, a support, means for raising the support and permitting it to drop, and means to prevent the support from whipping or vibrating on the drop thereof. i

12. In a device of the class described, a support, means for raising the support and it to drop, means to receive the impact of same from whipping on the drop thereof.

13. In a device of the class described, a

base, a table, means for raising the table and permitting it to drop, and lmpact on the whipping upon the impact.

the support and to prevent the base, and means to prevent the table from 14. In a ramming device, the combination of a support, means to jar the support, and means independent of said first-named means to cushion the rebound upon impact.

15. In a device of the class described, a base, a table mounted on said base, means for raising the table and permitting it to drop, and fluid dashes between the table and base to take up the impact and prevent the table from whipping and vibrating upon the fall thereof.

WILFRED LEWIS.

1 Witnesses: I

' 'ARNoLn KA'rz,

S. STEWART. 

